Upper Mississippi River

16,000 BCE - present

The Mississippi River watershed is the fourth largest in the world, including parts of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian Provinces. Agriculture has been the dominant form of land use in the Mississippi basin for almost two centuries, and has significantly altered the region's hydrology.

  • BIRDS: 2 species are regionally extinct

  • FISH: 5 species are endangered

  • MAMMALS: 3 species are endangered

  • REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS: 45 reptile species are endangered

  • BIVALVES: 297 freshwater mussel species are threatened with extinction

The territory of the Hudson River watershed falls within the ancestral homelands of the Anishinabewaki, Ho-Chunk, Kaskaskia, Kiikaapoi, Mdewakanton, Myaamia, O-ga-xpa Ma-zhoⁿ, Očhéthi Šakówiŋ, Osage, Peoria, Sauk and Meskwaki, and Wahpekute peoples.

Territorial recognition: https://native-land.ca/

Most Pressing Issues

703 Dams Along the River

703 Dams Along the River

channeling, damming, and levee systems have killed the river’s natural flow.

Pollution

Pollution

2/3 of all pesticides & herbicides used in U.S. agriculture, are applied in the Mississippi River basin, causing algae blooms and the Gulf of Mexico’s “deadzone”.

Losing Silt

Losing Silt

Without natural flooding the river is losing it’s silt, overall reduction has been more than 60% & the mouth of the Mississippi in Louisiana is disappearing.

Habitat Loss

Habitat Loss

Major losses due to agriculture & development.

Water Flow

Water Flow

After dams were constructed, the velocity & flow regime of the river changed. In 1878 flows were much higher in the spring & lower in winter before the dams.

How You Can Help

Mississippi River Collaborative

Mississippi River Collaborative

The Mississippi River Collaborative works cooperatively within the basin by focusing on state & regional water pollution issues & increasing the capacity of local groups.

Learn More about Mississippi River Collaborative
Restore the Mississippi River Delta

Restore the Mississippi River Delta

"Restore the Mississippi River Delta’s staff scientists provide the technical expertise and analysis upon which all our campaign efforts and policies are based. We provide technical guidance and partner with the state of Louisiana and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers on proposed projects, plans and restoration priorities. We provide decision makers with information on the evolving threats to the delta and feasibility of solutions. We conduct original research, synthesize existing research to provide critical analyses and help guide the academic scientific community to research questions that have an applied purpose in restoration decisions."

Learn More about Restore the Mississippi River Delta
Friends of the Mississippi River

Friends of the Mississippi River

Friends of the Mississippi River engages citizens to protect, restore and enhance the Mississippi River and its watershed in the Twin Cities region.

Learn More about Friends of the Mississippi River
Nature Conservancy

Nature Conservancy

The Nature Conservancy works to address some of the river’s most critical threats including habitat loss and incompatible land use.

Learn More about Nature Conservancy

Related

Lower Mississippi River Timeline

Lower Mississippi River Timeline